Chandra Shekhar Azad

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Mission

Ensuring food security of Uttar Pradesh as well India by enhancing the productivity and profitability of wheat and barley on an ecologically and economically sustainable mode

Mandate

• Evaluation of coordinated material by conducting trials under different conditions.
• Collection, maintenance and evaluation of various germplasms for different traits.
• Development of high yielding disease (rust) resistant wheat verities for different agro-climatic conditions.
• Evaluation and screening of different nurseries for yield, biotic and a biotic stresses.
• To develop physiologically efficient genotypes for timely, late, very late and rainfed conditions.
• To develop barely verities for cultivation under restrictive environments, i.e. rainfed, saline/ alkaline soils, limited irrigation, late planting and dual purpose.
• Development of high yielding barely varieties with superior malting and brewing qualities.
• Develop appropriate crop production procedure and technology for optimal use of resources in a sustainable manner.
• Increase the sustainability of wheat based cropping systems.
• Establish national and international linkages for strengthening wheat and barley improvement programmes.
• Coordinate and organize nucleus seed and breeder seed production
• Enhancing seed production for increased seed replacement of older varieties.

Achievements 

      Wheat Variety

S.N0.	Varieties	Year	Condition	Productivity (q/ha)
1.	C-13(Awnless)	1916	All condition	–
2.	C-46	1920	All condition	–
3.	C-13(Awned)	1929	All condition	–
4.	Padova I	1930	All condition	–
5.	Padova II	1930	All condition	–
6.	K019-3	1935	Rainfed condition	–
7.	K021	1935	Rainfed condition	–
8.	K025	1935	Rainfed condition	–
9.	K053	1956	All condition	–
10.	K054	1956	All condition	–
11.	K068	1963	Limited Irrigation (TS)	15-18
12.	K065	1964	Limited Irrigation (TS)	15-18
13.	Kundan (K0101)	1969	Timely and late sown, irrigated	18-20
14.	K0816	1973	Late sown, irrigated	20-25
15.	K0852	1973	Timely sown, irrigated	20-25
16.	Bithoor (KML7406)	1978	Timely sown, irrigated	40-42
17.	K Poorvi (K 7410)	1979	Timely sown, irrigated	35-45
18.	K072(K7229)	1983	Rainfed, timely sown	20-25
19.	K078(K7827)	1983	Rainfed, timely sown	20-25
20.	Sangam(K7915)	1983	Timely sonw, irrigated	35-40
21.	Triveni(K8020)	1987	Late sown, irrigated	30-35
22.	Magahar (K8027)	1989	Rainfed, timely sown	25-35
23.	K088(K8804)	1993	Timely sown irrigated	50-55
24.	Indra (K8962)	1996	Rainfed, timely sown	30-35
25.	Deva(K9107)	1996	Timely sown, irrigated	45-50
26.	Ujiyaar(K9006)	1998	Timely sown, irrigated	45-50
27.	Gomti(K9465)	1998	Rainfed, late sown	30-35
28.	Atal (K9644)	2000	Raifed, timely sown	35-40
29.	Halna (K7903)	2002	Late/very late sown, irrigated	35-40
30.	Gangotri (K9162)	2002	Late sown, irrigated	40-45
31.	Prasad (K8434)	2002	Saline/alkaline condition	40-45
32.	Unnat Halna (K9423)	2005	Late/very late sown, irrigated	40-45
33.	Naina (K9533)	2006	Late sown, irrigated	40-45
34.	Mandakini (K9351)	2006	Rainfed, timely sown	30-35
35.	Shatabdi (K0307)	2007	Timely sown, irrigated	60-65
36.	Sona (KD9851)	2009	Timely sown (Bundelkhand)	30-35
37.	Mahi ( K0402)	2009	Timely sown, irrigated	60-65
38.	Golden Halna (K0424)	2010	Late/very late sown, irrigated	35-45
39.	Mamta (K06067	2014	Timely sown, irrigated	55-60
40.	K1006	2014	Timely sown, irrigated	55-60

Landmark Achievements in Wheat

• K9107 (Deva): Only wheat variety having 14.0% protein with average yield potential 45-50 q/ha and total crop duration range between 125-130 days.

• K0307 (Shatabdi): Variety for high yield (55-60 q/ha), matured between 120-125 days and have good chapatti quality for timely sown irrigated condition (15-30 November).
• K0607 (Mamta): A heat tolerant variety for timely sown irrigated condition, matured between 120-125 days and yielded 55-60q/ha.

• K0402 (Mahi): Variety for high yielding (55-60 q/ha) for timely sown irrigated condition (15-30 November) and mature between 120-125 days.

• K1006: Variety having Zn- 49.2 ppm and Fe – 45.4 ppm with yield potential 55-60q/ha which mature 125-130 days.

• K9465 (Gomti): Varieties for late sown rainfed condition (15-25 December) with average yield potential 25-30 q/ha and crop duration is range between 110-115 days.

• K8434 (Prasad): Variety possessing maximum salt tolerance, timely sown cultivation, matured between 120-125 days and yield potential about 40-45 q/ha.

• K7903 (Halna): Only variety for late and very late sown irrigated condition (15 Dec. to 10 Jan.) having high terminal heat tolerance with yield potential 25-30 q/ha. It is matured between 90-100 days.

• Unnat Halna (K9423): Only variety for late and very late sown irrigated condition (15 Dec. to 10 Jan.) with shattering resistance having potential 25-30 q/ha and mature between 90-100 days.
• Ujiyar (K9006): Wheat variety for timely sown irrigated condition (15-25 November) with yield potential 55-60 q/ha and crop duration range between 125-130 days.

• Naina (K9533): Only variety for late sown irrigated condition (15 dec.to 25 dec.) having yield potential 30-35 q/ha and crop duration range between 100-110 days.

• K 1317: developed for rainfed unirrigated timely sown condition of Eastern & Central Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Assam, crop matures in 120-128 days, average yield 27.13 Q/ha and yield potential 54.2 Q/ha, grain contain 43.05 PPM Iron and 38.3 PPM Zinc and resistant to all diseases The variety released by Central Sub-Committee on Crop Standards, Notification and Release of Varieties for Agricultural Crops held on 09-10 .07.2017

Barley Varieties

• K1149 (Geetanjali): A huskless barley variety good for human consumption. The variety is recommended for rainfed condition and gives about 25-27 q/ha grain yield.

• K551(Ritambhara): A high yielding barley variety good for malt quality, resistant to rust and blight diseases. This variety gives 40-45 q/ha grain yield under timely sown irrigated condition.

• K125 (Azad): A high yielding barley variety for dual purpose (feed and fodder), tolerance to alkaline/ saline stress with average grain yield of 22-25 q/ha.

• K560 (Haritma): A barley variety for rainfed condition, resistant to rust and blight diseases, matures in 115-120 days with an average 30-32 q/ha .

• Jagrati (K287): A barley variety for timely sown Irrigated condition matures in 134-137 days. This variety gives 35-42 q/ha average grain .

• Lakhan (K226): A barley variety for rainfed condition, matures in 130-135 days possessed 28-30 q/ha average grain yield.

• Manjula (K329): A barley variety for irrigated late condition matures in 110-115 days. This variety gives 30-35 q/ha average grain yield.

 

• Narmada (K603): A barley variety for rain fed condition, resistant to rust and blight diseases and matures in 115-120 days with grain yield of 30-35 q/ha.

• Pragati (K508): A barley variety for timely sown irrigated condition matures in 135-139 days. This variety gives 38-42 q/ha average grain yield.

• Prakhar (K1005): A barley variety for timely sown irrigated condition, resistant to all three rusts, smut and left blight diseases, matures in 130-135 days which gives 42-45 q/ha grain yield and.

Contribution of wheat varieties released by CSA at national for specific purpose

Bread wheat: K 8804, K 9107, K 8962, K 9465,K 0307, K 8027 and K 9644

Biodiversity and genetic resources

The Germplasm Resource at the Section of rabi cereals maintains local collections, identified donors from trials and nurseries, genetic and exotic selections for their utilization in the breeding programme.

Strategy to deploy new genes for rust registrant

The CSA University has strategy of replacing the rust susceptible varieties with new improved types. As an alternative to the ruling variety of 90’s, alternate varieties K 9107 has been recommended  for the NEPZ region.

Tolerance against abiotic stress

Heat stress

Wheat is sown late on considerable area in north-western and north-eastern plains of India due to high cropping intensity and delayed harvest of previous crop especially in potato dominant cropping system. As a result, the crop gets exposed to higher ambient temperatures at the time of grain filling, which cause significant reduction in productivity. Studies conducted with advanced wheat genotypes have helped in characterizing the environments in terms of weather parameters and also in terms of plant responses.

• It has been conclusively shown that biomass production is a key factor in high grain

yield performance under late sown high temperature environments.

• KI induced leaf senescence can be used to assess variability in stem reserve utilization

if used in low concentration and avoiding spikes during spray.

• Efficient partitioning of assimilates, more number of tillers and number of grains/spike

Contribute to superiority, Halna, improved Halna that can be used as source of heat tolerance.

Seed dynamics

For quicker replacement of old, disease susceptible or otherwise uneconomical varieties, the university has developed a strategy to distribute small quantity of newly identified varieties.  New developed varieties K 1006, K 1317 were distributed to farmers of Bundelkhan and central Uttar Pradesh. Variety K 1317 is high demanding variety under restricted irrigation condition of U.P. and M.P.

Wheat quality

CSA University has been committed to develop high quality wheat in India. Wheat variety K-68 developed in 1963 and K-65 during 1964 were the most popular traditional tall varieties well known fro their attractive grain colour and chapatti making quality.Promising varieties have also been identified for individual quality parameters like protein content, sedimentation value, extraction rate, wet/dry gluten, gluten index, beta-carotene, iron, zinc, copper and manganese etc., which can be used in the breeding programme for the improvement of wheat quality.

Success stories of departmental achievements :

Wheat

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K9107 (Deva): Only wheat variety having 14.0% protein, recommended for cultivation under timely sown irrigated condition (15-25 November) with average yield potential 45-50q/ha and total crop duration range between 125-130 days.

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K1317: Wheat Variety “K1317” has been identified for release by Varietal Identification Committee on dated August 22, 2016. Variety K1317 is recommended for North Eastern Plains Zone under rainfed timely sown condition. It has shown yield potential of about 28-32 q/ha with medium maturity (120-128 days) and better chapatti quality (8.05%) This variety is resistant to all major diseases.

K1006: Only wheat variety for timely sown irrigated condition (15-25 November) having Zn – 49.2 ppm and Fe – 45.4 ppm with yield potential 55-60 q/ha. and crop duration range between 125-130 days.

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K0307 (Shatabdi): Variety for high yield (55-60 q/ha) and good chapati quality for timely sown irrigated condition (15-30 November) and crop duration range between 120-125 days.

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K0607 (Mamta): Variety for high yield (55-60 q/ha) and heat tolerant variety for timely sown irrigated condition (15-30 November) and crop duration range between 120-125 days.

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K9465 (Gomti): Varieties for late sown rainfed condition (15-25 December) with average yield potential 25-30 q/ha and crop duration is range between 110-115 days.

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K8434 (Prasad): Variety possessing maximum salt tolerance and yield potential about 40-45 q/ha for salinity /Alkalinity condition under timely sown cultivation (15-25 November) and crop duration range between 120-125 days

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K7903 (Halna): Only variety for late and very late sown irrigated condition (15 Dec. to 10 Jan.) having high terminal heat tolerance with yield potential 25-30q/ha. and crop duration range between 90-100 days

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Unnat Halna (K9423): Only variety for late and very late sown irrigated condition (15 Dec. to 10 Jan.) with shattering resistance having potential 25-30q/ha and crop duration range between 90-100 days.

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Ujiyar (K9006): Wheat variety for timely sown irrigated condition (15-25 November) with yield potential 55-60 q/ha. and crop duration range between 125-130 days.

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Naina (K9533): Only variety for late sown irrigated condition (15 Dec. to 25 Dec.) having yield potential 30-35q/ha. and crop duration range between 100-110 days.

Barley

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Prakhar (K1055): A barley variety for timely sown irrigated condition. The variety gives 42-45 q/ha average grain yield and matures in 130-135 days. The variety is resistant to all three rusts, smut and leaf blight diseases.

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K1149 (Geetanjali): A huskless barley variety good for human consumption. The variety is recommended for rainfed condition and gives about 25-27 q/ha grain yield.

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K551 (Ritambhara): A high yielding barley variety good for malt quality. The variety gives 40-45 q/ha grain yield under timely sown irrigated condition. The variety is resistant to rust and blight diseases.

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K125 (Azad): A high yielding barley variety for dual purpose (feed and fodder). The variety is also recommended for alkaline/saline soils. Average grain yield of the variety is 22-25q/ha.

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K560 (Haritma): A barley variety for rainfed condition. The variety gives 30-32 q/ha average grain yield and matures in 115-120 days. The variety is resistant to rust and blight diseases.

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Jagrati (K287): A barley variety for timely sown Irrigated condition. The variety gives 35-42 q/ha average grain yield and matures in 134-137 days.

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Lakhan (K226): A barley variety for rainfed condition. The variety gives 28-30 q/ha average grain yield and matures in 130-135 days.

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Manjula (K329): A barley variety for Irrigated Late Sown Condition. The variety gives 30-35 q/ha average grain yield and matures in 110-115 days.

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Narmada (K603): A barley variety for rainfed condition. The variety gives 30-35 q/ha average grain yield and matures in 115-120 days. The variety is resistant to rust and blight diseases.

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Pragati (K508): A barley variety for timely sown irrigated condition. The variety gives 38-42 q/ha average grain yield and matures in 135-139 days.

Varietal Development

Wheat